The Indian Premier League (IPL) began in 2008 and has grown to become the leading domestic Twenty20 competition in the world. Not only has it developed to be one of the jewels in the crown of the sporting calendar, but the money has followed.
Business Model of IPL – How does IPL Make Money?
From eye-watering player contracts to TV rights deals worth billions of dollars, it has created an excellent business model. Although the timeline for the 2020 edition remains unclear, IPL still holds the attention of a nation for weeks at a time every year. As a brand, it was valued at $6.8 billion by Duff & Phelps in 2019.
The IPL: A National Obsession
The IPL often dominates the cricket calendar each spring. International series are moulded to fit around it, freeing up big-name players to fly to India and play in front of millions of adoring fans over several weeks. Several teams are owned by high-profile Bollywood stars or Indian businesses, acting as a PR tool as well as sporting entities.
There’s a glamour to proceedings that fits with the Bollywood mentality. Cheerleaders and fireworks – both on and off the field – are common ground. And it looks all of this actually works. Star India revealed that over 462 million people tuned into the 2019 tournament, up 12% on the previous year.
Mobile broadcaster Hotstar broke their own record for concurrent streams with more than 18 million during the final between Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings.
Ever since its first edition, IPL’s stature has grown remarkably. Not only has IPL become popular with players and fans, but with brands, businesses and bookmakers as well. As Indians are passionate about cricket and given its global popularity, betting on IPL is also popular throughout the fanbase.
A Galaxy of Superstars from Around the Globe
Part of the appeal of the IPL is the sheer number of the world’s best T20 players that flock to India every year. An annual auction allows teams to bid for the services of those who aren’t retained by their previous franchise, or who have declared themselves eligible for the next edition.
The likes of Chris Gayle, AB de Villiers and David Warner have lit up the competition previously, bringing a global audience every season. With Indian players making up the majority of a teams line up – only four internationals are allowed in any one match – the league is a showcase for the best domestic talent as well as giving overseas superstars the chance to earn huge sums.
India internationals such as Virat Kohli, MS Dhoni and Rohit Sharma are all contracted for over $2 million per season. The seven-figure sums don’t stop there though. Australian fast bowler Pat Cummins topped the 2019 IPL auction.
The 26-year-old shone for his country over the last couple of years and was purchased by Kolkata Knight Riders for an astounding $2.2m for the 2020 season. That made Cummins the highest paid international player in IPL history.
Fellow Australian Glenn Maxwell and South African all-rounder Chris Morris both fetched fees above $1.3m in the most recent auction. These fees can be far more than what players can expect to earn playing international cricket alone, especially considering the short period of T20 domestic competitions which typically last just a few weeks.
Eclipsing the India National Team TV Rights
With a broad audience, the value of Indian Premier League TV rights has continued to rise at a significant rate. The last set of rights were sold in 2017 and covered five years until 2022.
The process saw Star India emerge as the winning bidder, outdoing Sony. And they have paid over $500 million per season for the TV rights in the latest agreement.
That more than doubled the previous price per campaign. Perhaps more importantly, it saw the price per match eclipse the total paid to show an international match involving the India national team.
The figures may be huge, but the sheer weight of viewership which has continued to thrive justifies the cost to broadcasters. Indeed, there is plenty of value to be earned in owning the advertising slots during these primetime clashes.
Brands such as Amazon, Coca-Cola, and fantasy sports operator Dream 11 were all confirmed advertisers for now postponed 2020 edition. In total, Star India were reported to have secured $126 million in ad revenue for the season.
Despite the disruption that has impacted the world, including sporting events in the previous months, the signs are that the IPL will continue to grow and thrive as a brand.
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The IPL’s Numbers in 2026
The scale of the league has changed sharply since this was first written. In 2026 the IPL’s overall business value was reported at about $20.6 billion, up 11.4 per cent on the previous year, with the league’s brand value put at roughly $4.3 billion.
Where the money comes from
Media rights are the engine. The rights for the 2023 to 2027 cycle sold for about ₹48,390 crore, roughly $6.2 billion. For most franchises, the central media pool accounts for something in the region of 60 to 70 per cent of revenue, which is why IPL teams are unusually insulated compared with clubs in leagues that depend on gate receipts.
Sponsorship and merchandise make up much of the rest, alongside matchday income and prize money. A salary cap keeps player spending predictable, which is a large part of why franchises can run profitably rather than competing themselves into losses.
What the franchises are worth
By brand value in 2026, Royal Challengers Bengaluru led the league at about $269 million, followed by Mumbai Indians at $242 million, Chennai Super Kings at $235 million and Kolkata Knight Riders at $222 million. Franchise valuations, which measure the business rather than the brand, run considerably higher — typically in the $1 billion to $2 billion range for the established teams.
Royal Challengers Bengaluru’s rise to the top of that list followed their first title in 2025 and a successful defence in 2026, a reminder that on-field results still move commercial value. See our IPL winners list for the full record.
IPL Business Model: Frequently Asked Questions
1. How does the IPL make money?
Mainly through central media rights, which typically account for 60 to 70 per cent of a franchise’s revenue. The rest comes from sponsorship, merchandise, matchday income and prize money, with a salary cap keeping costs predictable.
2. How much are the IPL media rights worth?
The rights for the 2023 to 2027 cycle sold for about ₹48,390 crore, roughly $6.2 billion.
3. What is the IPL worth?
The league’s overall business value was reported at about $20.6 billion in 2026, with a brand value of roughly $4.3 billion.
4. Which is the most valuable IPL team?
By brand value in 2026, Royal Challengers Bengaluru led at about $269 million, ahead of Mumbai Indians, Chennai Super Kings and Kolkata Knight Riders.
5. Why are IPL franchises so profitable?
Because the largest revenue stream is the centrally negotiated media rights pool, which is shared among the teams, while a salary cap limits the biggest cost. That combination makes returns far less dependent on matchday income than in most sports leagues.
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